Grunert's Total Food Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Grunert's Total Food Quality - Essay Example Moreover, taste being liberated from Bovine Spongiform Enciphalopathy, hereditary correction and food added substances are motivating forces for purchasing food. As per the Grunert's Total Food Quality Model the affinity towards increased utilization of food can be related to a more extensive worry as respect to natural issues. The significant reasons that ruin customers from buying food are: significant expense, be insufficient in accessibility, satisfaction with regular food, absence of dependence, the lacking decision and scarcity of saw esteem. Albeit various purchasers have indicated interest in food, the food choices of relatively barely any individuals have been influenced. Thus, communicated interest in food doesn't assume a groundbreaking job in food buy and a uniqueness between inspirational mentality and conduct is apparent. Along these lines, associate of shoppers' intellectual structures and their effect on the buy choice will in fact shed light on buyers' food buys decision that encourages UK food firms in conceiving their advertising methodologies. Monetary hypothesis has indicated some bind in clarifying the multifaceted design and multidimensionality of customer exercises. These limits not just identify with the assumption of shopper judiciousness (that is utility abusing conduct) and faultless data. Most of financial models utilize relative costs and discretionary cashflow or spending plan as illustrative factors of shopper deeds and treat each other influence (for example social, monetary and social elements) as shrouded or inert factors: quality review is one of them. The investigation of Grunert's Total Food Quality Model aides United Kingdom food firms contriving advertising methodologies that how purchaser mentality manages preferences and how inclinations are shaped in the psyche of the customer. Showcasing ways to deal with buyer demeanor might be famous as psychological versus conduct. As indicated by Grunert the intellectual methodologies underscore builds managing cerebral structures and thinking forms; social methodologies worry upon direct connections among the qualities of the earth and conduct. The two methodologies are extensively acknowledged and licensed methods of breaking down conduct, with a high level of supplement. In this investigation one will consider on the principal approach and focus on buyer item information, commitment and enthusiasm on account of natural items. From a psychological point of view, one can characterize customer conduct as the exercises that individuals charm in when choosing, buying, and utilizing merchandise and ventures to satisfy wants. Such exercises include cerebral and enthusiastic procedures, other than physical activities. The intellectual methodology depends on customer colleague, item recognition and the wants shoppers need to delight. Perception is alluded to as the dynamic cerebral builds and procedures associated with speculation, perceiving and deciphering upgrades and occasions from the earth. It incorporates the data, sense and qualities that shoppers have created from their training and put away in their recollections. While a few parts of perception are aware

Marketing Plan For Persil Cleaner Planet Plan Marketing Essay

Promoting Plan For Persil Cleaner Planet Plan Marketing Essay With the ongoing new activity of the Persil Cleaner Planet Plan being preeminent in the organizations mind http://www.persil.com/CleanerPlanet.aspx the primary destinations of the arrangement are to be the point of convergence of this advertising plan. The advancement of another item which is ecologically well disposed, kind on skin, yet intense on stains will empower the accomplishment of these goals. With the consistent presentation of re-usable nappy plans all through the world it very well may be seen that there is a potential market for an item that can address the issues of buyers. So as to diminish the carbon impression using re-usable nappies an item must be presented that can wash at low temperatures. Past research has demonstrated that so as to profit by the utilization of re-usable nappies contrasted with dispensable ones certain components must be considered when washing for example low temperature, full burden and so forth. The principle motivation behind this new item will be the washing of re-usable nappies and garments at as lower mild as could reasonably be expected. To guarantee achievement in accomplishing the goals explicit advertising systems will be utilized in the showcasing plan process these are division, focusing on and the promoting blend, all of which will set up the items potential. Cleaner Planet Plan Strategies Division To build up the objective market for the new item the utilization of segment division will be embraced. This will empower the organization to arrive at explicit shoppers and help to comprehend their necessities. A variable of segment division to consider is Generation X as they could end up being a potential objective market for the item, in spite of the fact that getting the message across to them will be troublesome and should be done through verbal. Focusing on The item is to be chiefly focused on unexperienced parents; the ongoing time of increased birth rates will make huge chances, while likewise focusing on existing shoppers who care about the earth and the effect of an Earth-wide temperature boost. With the underlying utilization of infiltration evaluating the new item will be available to those customers who wish to transform from their present image to an all the more ecologically agreeable one and will draw in guardians enthusiastic about utilizing re-usable nappies however worried about the underlying cost, as this can frequently be very costly. Showcasing blend 4Ps The four procedures of the promoting blend will be utilized to arrive at the organizations targets. Item In utilizing the idea of advantage building figure 1(LearnMarketing.net, 2009) as formulated by Philip Kotler the organization can start to get a general image of the item and its advantages. Figure 1 http://www.learnmarketing.net/totalproduct1.jpg The new item is to be named Persil Nature, an earth cordial, non-organic, hypo-allergenic washing powder with included Aloe Vera. It is to be produced using plant and mineral based fixings that are biodegradable. Persil Natures center capacity is to empower the washing of re-usable nappies and garments at a temperature of 15c or better still virus water. It will be bundled in a biodegradable cardboard box with a draw out pouring spout. Inclination is to be given to cardboard as contradict to plastic as the open doors for reusing from home are far more noteworthy. It will be accessible in pack sizes of 850g, 2.38kg and 4.25kg. The marking will have the run of the mill Persil marking and will show a top tips segment with exhortation on the most ideal methods of washing, drying and so forth to additionally advance the ecological issues. There will likewise be data to guide shoppers to the companys Cleaner Planet Plan site. It will return with a cash ensure if customers are not so much happy with the item. Cost The infiltration valuing methodology will be utilized to urge customers to utilize the item. A starting cost will be utilized in the initial hardly any long stretches of the starting of the new item. This underlying cost will be in accordance with other natural items in the organizations extend. The cost will at that point be expanded in accordance with other comparable items available, with unique consideration been paid to the organizations close contenders. Table 1 underneath shows the early on and expanded costs for each pack size: Table 1 Pack size Initial cost Expanded cost 850g  £3.49  £4.49 2.38kg  £6.99  £7.99 4.25kg  £10.99  £11.99 The cost will continually be audited so as to accomplish the most extreme capability of the item and techniques set up where significant. Advancement A wide assortment of promoting efforts will be embraced to arrive at the objective market. The utilization of TV, radio and the web will assist with elevating the item to a more extensive crowd. Commercials will be set in papers and magazines and limited time handouts will likewise be utilized. The organization will work in association with neighborhood boards, medical clinics; through birthing specialists and nurseries to advance re-usable nappy plans and furthermore the new item. Organization will likewise occur with re-usable nappy organizations, with cash off coupons being set on nappy items and the other way around. Spot The item should be in the perfect spot at the ideal time. This procedure should be deliberately arranged as awful planning can significantly affect whether another item succeeds or flops in the realm of quick moving shopper products. Dispersion will be made through retailers as there is a solid market nearness as of now there and they can have a progressively close to home relationship with customers.

Bio-science Example

Bio-science Example Bio-science â€" Essay Example > Bio-science1. Drugs which act on serotonin receptors are important for managing both migraines, mood disorders (e. g. antipsychotic) and vomiting: a. For each of these conditions name one drug (using generic drug names)which is used in Australia and acts via serotinergic receptors. b. Explain the mechanism of action of each drug (i. e. how does it work? ). c. What is serotonin syndrome and why might ecstasy cause symptoms of serotonin syndrome? 1. a. The triptans act via serotinergic receptors as they are 5-HT1B/1D agonists targeting the trigeminovascular system. Sumatriptan is a triptan used in the management of migraine (Spierings del Rio, 2002). A class of drugs used in the treatment of mood disorders, which act via the serotinergic receptors are the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Citalopram is an SSRI used in the management of mood disorders (Rollema Sprouse, 2005). The 5-HT3-receptor agonists are a class of drugs u sed in the management of vomiting, as they are capable of blocking the 5-HT-3 receptor sites efficiently. Ondansetron is a 5-HT3-receptor agonist used in the management of migraine (Husband Worsley, 2007). 1.b. Many of the triptans that are in current use for the management of migraine have selective serotonin receptor agonist activity. This action of the triptans causes constriction in the arteriovenous anastomes. Thus it is posited that the triptans ability to control migraine is based on this constriction of the arteriovenous anastomes. Sumatriptan brings about constriction in the superficial temporal artery. In addition Triptans like sumitriptan have demonstrated the capability to inhibit the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide, which is responsible for the mediation of the vasodilation element of neurogenic inflammation (Spierings del Rio, 2002). In essence the mode of action of the SSRIs can be taken as making more serotonin available in the extracellular environmen t, by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin by the presynaptic cell. This enhanced extracellular level of serotonin makes for higher levels of serotonin to bind with the postsynaptic receptor (Rollema Sprouse, 2005). The mechanism involved in vomiting consists of the formation of local free radicals as a result of cytotoxic agents or other substances that are potentially toxic. These free radicals bring about the release of 5-HT from the enterochromaffin cells in the GI tract. 5-HT is the stimulus for the 5-HT3 receptors present on the adjacent vagal afferent neurons to cause a vigorous vomiting response. 5-HT3- receptor agonists, like ondansetron, block the 5-HT3 receptors in the GI tract, the chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the nucleus tractus solitarius efficiently, to inhibit the vomiting response triggered by the 5-HT3 receptors. (Husband Worsley, 2007). 1.c. Birmes et al 2003, p. 1439 define serotonin syndrome as “the result of over stimulation of 5-HT1A receptors by selec tive serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) or other serotonergic agents”. Serotonin syndrome can occur to any individual irrespective of age or sex triggered by an overdose of a serotonergic agent, and occurs within the time interval of twenty-four hours from the overdose event. The three features of mental, autonomic and neurological disorders characterize serotonin syndrome. Serotonin is life threatening, but normally serotonin syndrome is not fatal, when effectively managed (Birmes et al 2003).

The Delicate Topic of Authority - 1384 Words

Authority is one of the most critical topics today, now that it is the age where children are more liberated and the society is more open minded. It is budding to be the most delicate issue today. Today more and more people question their authorities and have been becoming more of a problem of many nations. Authority in this study is interpreted as a person with ability to influence or suggest for a separate response for a certain stimuli. This study is concerned with the association of judgment or decision making to authority; because people are more liberated we wondered if authorities can affect the decision made by particular persons under certain instructions. Max Weber, while conducting his works, identified three types of legitimate domination or authority one of which is Rational-legal authority, according to him it is that form of authority which depends for its legitimacy on formal rules and established laws of the state, which are usually written down and are often very co mplex. (Weber 1958, 4) Since our study will be conducted on students and our authorities being teacher and other students, most likely it falls into the rational-legal authority as a basis for the study. This study is conducted in order to raise awareness about the ever growing problems in our society with regards to authority and its subjects who chooses to defy it. As of today children around the globe are showing resistance from authority such as their parents and authorities from theShow MoreRelatedResearch Approach Vs. 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As protests continued to erupt across the Muslim world, many Libyans condemned the attacks that happened on their soil and came together inRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Romeo And Juliet1027 Words   |  5 PagesDuring Elizabethan times, it was very difficult for women, especially young girls to voice their opinions or be treated with the same respect as men. When the audience is first introduced to Juliet’s character they receive the impression t hat she is delicate, naà ¯ve, innocent and very obedient towards her parents, especially her father Capulet who is the leader of the house. Additionally, Juliet and her mother do not share the strongest bond, especially when it is compared to the relationship Juliet andRead MoreJust And Unjust Laws In Martin Luther Kings Letter From Birmingham Jail1420 Words   |  6 Pagesjournal Socrates on Disobedience to Law, â€Å"It is that, upon reaching man-hood, a citizen by the very fact of staying in a country agrees to abide by the following rule: If one cannot dissuade the authorities from an unjust law then one obeys† (127). Socrates is a firm believer on respecting the authority of the city. It may seem that Socrates argues to initiate a change, and if it fails the people must conform. Martin, however, does not believe that Socrates argues the people must simply adhere toRead MoreObedience As the Means to a Peaceful Life Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pagesthe perceived authority stunned even the designer of the study, Phillip Zimbardo. 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This sort of attitude ensues when beings of equal rank differ in their opinions of what is right and what is wrong, with no overarching authority. It is this problem in particular that leads philosophers to despair; if there is no God, there is no steady ethical or legal system that can be put into place. There is nothing more correct or more flawed than anything else. There will never be

Critical Issues in the American Criminal Justice System -...

Critical Issues in the American Criminal Justice System: Sentencing Decisions and the Death Penalty Richard W Ramsay Dr. Allen Lowery CJ 6624 – Court Administration December 1, 2010 Abstract This paper discusses three critical issues in the criminal justice system. It touches on the general issues of punishment philosophies, sentence decision making, and prison overcrowding and focused more specifically on the negative effects of each. Highlighted in this informational paper is the interrelated nature of the issues; each issue affects and is affected by the others. Data and information has been gathered from the FBI Uniform Crime Report, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Amnesty International, the NAACP Legal Defense†¦show more content†¦375) and by using this hedonistic calculus people will refrain from committing crimes. This concept focuses on the punishment fitting the criminal and on preventing future crimes from occurring. The three most important factors in effectively deterring a criminal from further crimes are the severity of the punishment, the certainty of the punishment, and the swiftness of the punishment. If criminal doesn’t believe he will be punished or he feels the punishment is minor in comparison to the crime or if the punishment is not swift enough, then he/she will not be deterred from committing crimes. Studies on the effectiveness of deterrence have shown to be inconclusive. The deficient areas of deterrence are crimes committed in the heat of passions, crimes committed under the influence of drugs or alcohol, and the massive backlog of cases in the nation’s courts (Neubauer amp; Fradella, 2008). Incapacitation, the removal of the offender from society to prevent them from harming society further, has been in use since ancient times. The incapacitation may be in the form of exile, penal colonies, prison, or placement in a mental institution. Regardless of the form, incapacitation places its focus on the future behavior of the offender and on the characteristics of the offender. It assumes that since that majority of crime is committed by a small number of criminals, removing them from society will redu ce crime. What this theory does not take in toShow MoreRelatedRacial Disparity in Sentencing1728 Words   |  7 PagesDisparity in Sentencing Lori Raynor University of Phoenix Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice CJA/423 Ron McGee September 06, 2010 Abstract In this paper I will illustrate racial disparity in sentencing in the criminal justice system. The causes of racial disparity and the reasons it is on the rise, the research statistics, and the proposed solutions are discussed. Racial Disparity in Sentencing The intersection of racial dynamics with the criminal justice system is one ofRead MoreDeath Penalty Sentencing and the Criminal Justice System619 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿Jpz777 04/15/2013 Order # 2091084 An examination of death penalty sentencing procedures within the American criminal justice system suggests that the legal and moral authority to execute condemned criminals granted to a government has been tested time and time again, only to be reaffirmed by the Supreme Court. While the 1960s saw a series of failed attempts to ban the practice, launched by death penalty abolitionist groups firm in their belief that murder can never be justified, it was not untilRead MoreEssay on Should the Death Penalty be Abolished?3057 Words   |  13 PagesShould the death penalty be abolished? The death penalty does one thing it â€Å"kills.† It temporarily takes away the pain for someone’s loss, but in the end it does not bring back the person you loved. 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Most frequently, theRead MoreRacial Inequality And The Criminal Justice System2318 Words   |  10 Pagesthe significances of these words in the context of the criminal justice system. When assessing these terms as they relate to the criminal justice system, discrimination and disparity of racial and ethnic groups has been acknowledged by many for some time. In some situations disparity can be an outcome of discrimination in the justice system. Disparity refers to injustice of all aspects of the criminal justice system, from arrests to sentencing for certain groups of people; it almost always refersRead MoreCriminal Justice System and Process Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pagesas Criminal Law (Law Library, 2011). 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Presently, our nation is under a presidential administrationRead More Sentencing of Juveniles Essay2553 Words   |  11 PagesThe Sentencing of Juveniles Today, we live in a society faced with many problems, including crime and the fear that it creates. In the modern era, juveniles have become a part of society to be feared, not rehabilitated. The basis of the early juvenile justice system was to rehabilitate and create safe havens for wayward youth. This is not the current philosophy, although the U.S. is one of the few remaining countries to execute juveniles. Presently, our nation is under a presidential administrationRead MoreCapital Punishment Should Be Banned1515 Words   |  7 Pagespunishment has been a part of the nation’s history as it dates back to the British North American colonies. Capital punishment was also used as a way to remove those prosecuted for being â€Å"witches† during the famous Salem Witch Trials. These days the use of the death penalty has become an anachronism. In recent times has capital punishment become a place for argument to those supporting and those opposing the death penalty. Capita l punishment should be federally banned for its inconsistencies in provingRead MoreThe Argument Of Capital Punishment1922 Words   |  8 PagesThe Argument of Capital Punishment There not many issues in the criminal justice system that have caused more heated discussions and arguments as consistent and strong as that of the argument of capital punishment. Capital punishment (death penalty) is one of the most critical issue that has strong defenders and opponents. This kind of punishment is the most severe form in the U.S. todays and it has different type which lethal injection

Uranium Mining in Australia Free Essays

string(111) " mainly technical limitations not all of the Uranium present in the ore can be removed in the milling process\." In the last forty years, Uranium has become one of the worlds most important energy minerals. Primarily, Uranium produced in Australia has used for the sole production of electricity. However a small proportion of the Uranium mined is for important medical isotopes. We will write a custom essay sample on Uranium Mining in Australia or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is for this reason that Uranium mining is an ever-important and pressing point of discussion. Mining itself has been criticized for the massive effect it on the environment around it. Uranium mining is no different, and more often then not, the after effects of Uranium mining are more detrimental to the environment. Unlike other mining, Uranium mining has also caused a major stir in the actual use of the Uranium after it has been mined. The environmental problems of Uranium mining go further then the actual mining and by products. The uses of Uranium have been seen as risky and dangerous. Using Uranium as a source of energy has already shown the disastrous effects. The melt down at Chernobyl is still causing health problems in citizens after 30 years. On the upside, Uranium mining creates employment and boosts the Australian Economy. It is for these reasons that Uranium Mining is a process that needs to be looked at carefully before any judgements are made on it’s future in Australia. Chemistry Of Uranium and Uranium Mining In the Earth’s crust, mineral Uranium averages about two parts per million. Traces of Uranium occur just about everywhere on earth. In Australia, the existence of uranium has been noted since the 1890’s. In 1930, ores were mined at Radium Hill in South Australia for minute deposits of Radium. The Radium was used for medical purposes. As a result of the Radium mining, a couple of hundred kilograms of uranium was obtained and used exclusively to produce colours in glass and ceramics. In 1954 the Government started up a major uranium producer in Run Jungle, known as Rum Jungle Mine. Because of this Australia began to emerge as a potential source of uranium for the world’s nuclear electricity production. 1970’s large amounts of Uranium deposits were found dotted around Australia. This signaled the start of mines in the Northern Territory such as Ranger and Jabiluka, and also in South Australia with Olympic Dam. Uranium is found rocks of the earth’s crust, at 4 parts per million. The extraction (removal) or mining process varies from where the uranium ore deposits are found. Surface cut techniques are used where the uranium ore if found close to the surface. Surface cut mines involved the uranium being found close to the surface, so the uranium is removed from a shallow pit. Fig 1. 0 Ranger Mine found in the Northern Territory. The uranium ore is removed via the open cut mining method. Underground mining is used when the ore is found deep underground. In this process, the ore is removed in a similar fashion to copper; the mine is built in the ground. Olympic Damn Mine in South Australia, relies on the underground mining process. Another way to remove ore is called In-Situ Leaching. It is a popular way to mine Uranium, as it doesn’t affect the landscape as much as open cut or underground mining. It is used to remove Uranium filled sand that is found in water in a porous rock, which itself confined in a non-porous rock. In situ leaching involves a leaching liquid (ammonium-carbonate or sulfuric acid) pumped through drill- holes into underground uranium deposits, with the uranium bearing liquid is pumped out from below. Ore mined in open pit or underground mines, unlike in situ leaching, has to be crushed and leached in a uranium mill. A Uranium mill is a chemical plant designed to extract uranium from ore. It is usually located near the mines to limit transportation. In the most cases, sulfuric acid is used as the leaching agent, but alkaline leaching can also used. As the leaching agent not only extracts uranium from the ore, but also several other constituents like molybdenum, vanadium, selenium, iron, lead and arsenic, the uranium must be separated out of the leaching solution. The final product produced from the mill, commonly referred to as â€Å"yellow cake† (U3O8 with impurities), is packed and shipped in casks. The reaction between the uranium ore and sulfuric acid. The UO2 is then oxidised. In some cases uranium has been removed from low-grade ore by a process called heap leaching. This may be done if the uranium contents are too low for the ore to be economically processed in a uranium mill. Heaping leaching is performed by using a leaching liquid (often sulfuric acid) being introduced to the top of the pile of ore. The acid or leaching liquid, percolates down until it reaches a liner below the pile or ore, where it is caught and pumped to a processing plant. This liquid contains the uranium. During leaching, the piles of ore present a hazard because of the risk of release of dust, radon gas and leaching liquid. (referenced from Hardy, C J, 1978, The Chemistry of Uranium Milling, Radiochimica Acta 25, 121-134) Nuclear Mining and Milling has a serious social relevance. The tailings from the Uranium mining have serious health risks and environmental hazards. There are many serious environmental arguments over the mining of Uranium. The mining process itself in Australia has strict guidelines, yet the waste products from the mining process still have an extremely detrimental effect on the environment. Uranium mill tailings (or waste products from the crushing and leaching of the ore) are normally dumped as sludge in special ponds or piles (heaps). These piles/ponds are then abandoned. The amount of sludge produced is roughly equal to that of the ore milled. Long-living decay products such as the radioactive elements Thorium-230 and Radium-226 are not removed from the sludge. This means that the sludge contains over half of the initial radioactivity of the ore. As well as this, unfortunately, due to mainly technical limitations not all of the Uranium present in the ore can be removed in the milling process. You read "Uranium Mining in Australia" in category "Essay examples" Therefore, the sludge (which is the waste product) still contains at least 5% of the uranium present in the ore to start off with. The sludge also contains a variety of heavy metals and other contaminants. These include arsenic, as well as the highly corrosive chemical reagents used during the milling process (such as the sulfuric acid used in leaching). The mining and milling process fundamentally removes the hazardous constitutes in the ore from their relatively safe underground location. Mined Uranium itself does not emit hazardous radiation. Radium-226 found in the tailings continuously decays to the radioactive gas Radon-222. Radon-222 has a decay product that has been thought to cause lung cancer. Radon releases are a major hazard that continues even after uranium mines are shut down. The Radon can escape from the interior of the tailing piles or sludge. Since radon spreads quickly with the wind, many people receive small additional radiation doses. However, in Australia the majority of mines are based away from residential or populated areas. It is a concern for workers though, but with safety apparatus, the risk factor is non-existent. Tailing deposits are also subject to many different kinds of erosion. During and after a heavy rainfall, erosion gullies can form where the tailing deposits are left. Floods can destroy the whole deposit, leaving it dispersed everywhere. Interestingly enough, plants and burrowing animals can penetrate into the deposit and disperse the material, which subsequently enhances the radon emanation and make the deposit more susceptible to erosion. When the surface of the pile dries out, the fine sands are blown by the wind over adjacent areas. Erosion leaves the tailing deposits at a risk of dispersion. Seepage from tailing piles is another major hazard. Seepage poses a risk of contamination to ground and surface water. This water can be transferred to fish that swim in the water, then to whoever consumes the fish. Tailings dams are more often then not, not of stable construction. In most cases, they were made from sedimentation of the tailing sludge. Some are even built on geologic faults. This means that they are at greater risk of an earthquake. Strong rain or snowstorms can also cause dam failures. It is of no surprise that time after time dam failures have occurred. It was thought that bringing the tailings back to where the ore was mined would be an acceptable solution for the tailing disposal. Even though most of the Uranium was removed from the material, it did not mean the material was less hazardous. Most of the contaminants are still present. It is because of the processes the materials have to go through to extract the uranium which leaves the material in a condition where the contaminants are much more mobile (sludge and sand), therefore the material susceptible to migration into the environment. In most cases, tailings have to be dumped on the surface for lack of other options. Here, the protection requirements can more easily be controlled by appropriate methods, but additional measures have to be performed to assure protection from erosion. Uranium mining has also caused some concerns because of where the ore deposits are located. Jabiluka mine is in the heart of Kakadu, a National Park, and also in the mines in the Arnhem region. Aboriginal communities are against the mine sites as they are on their cultural land and heritage. It can be argued however, that with strict regulations in the mining and milling of Uranium, the environmental effects and cultural disturbances can be minimal. The mine-tailing dam should for one not be built on a geological fault. This itself is an obvious way of minimizing the risk of contaminants being released. The site should not be located anywhere near or in the flood plain of rivers, and the level of the dam should be deep. If there is any seepage from the tailing dam, it shouldn’t pose a risk to the ground water. During investigation of the site, ground water flow has to be monitored, to allow development of computer based three- dimensional ground water models. These models can be used for prediction of effects of supposed or real contaminant releases. This in itself can show the health and risk factor in the mine tailing. With this technology, we can work towards finding out ways in which to minimize the risks involved with the tailings. The deposits of the clay appropriate for lining and covering the deposit should not be located too far away, and the site should be remote from residential areas. It’s these basic guidelines, that when followed, make Uranium mining and milling quite safe and not hazardous to the environment or people (taken from OECD NEA 1993, The Safety of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, ch 2) To increase the safety of a tailing deposit area, be it a damn or a pile, certain management are applied to reduce the risk of hazardous contaminants being released into the environment. Dewatering of the sludge, smoothing of the slopes, and installation of erosion protection. On top of the pile, an appropriate cover should be installed for protection against release of gamma radiation and radon gas, beginning of precipitation, intrusion of the plants and animals, and erosion. This cover in most cases consists of several different layers to meet all requirements. Moreover, the catchement collection and treatment of seepage water is necessary to release purified waters to the surface water only. In the long term however, water treatment should no longer be necessary. Uranium mining, despite the outcry against the environmental problems it can cause, is quite a positive and good thing for the Australian society. Through the mining and milling process, jobs are created and new skills gained. Unemployment is a big issue in Australia, and by boosting the employment rate, essentially boosting the economy. Uranium mining also brings Australia money through exports. In 1997-98 Australian Uranium accounted for 15 per cent of world production, worth about $288 million to Australia. (Lambert et al, 1996, Australia’s Uranium Resources, BRS (expenditure, early resource) Fig 1. 1 Showing the amount of money Uranium export brings Australia Taken from: ‘Australia’s Uranium and who owns It’ Briefing Paper (Found at http://www. uic. com. au/nip01. htm) Advancements in mining technology will mean that hazardous contaminants in the Uranium tailings can be removed before the sludge is dumped in dams or piles. By doing so, the sludge piles/dams would be of no hazard to the environment and could be used to fill back up the mining sites. At the moment there are strict laws that govern Australian these laws and mine sites, are in place to minimize the risk of hazardous radiation being released from the waste piles (tailing dams, sludge piles etc). Only the future can tell what Uranium holds for us. Uranium mining at the present moment has a lot of controversy surrounding it, and the effects on the environment and cultural groups. It has to be realised that the laws governing Uranium Mining in Australia are strict and dictate how Uranium mining is undertaken. This means that there is little to no risk of the tailings being deposited on ‘risky’ sites, and the risk of hazardous contaminants being released into the environment are small. By being sensitive to the views and culture of the Indigenous people, and involving them in decisions surrounding the mine, it won’t be long until mining companies and these people come to an understanding or agreement. How to cite Uranium Mining in Australia, Essay examples

Odysseus Essays - Odyssey, Ancient Greek Religion, Epic Cycle

Odysseus Odysseus, the Hero The "Odyssey" is an epic story that has been a significant piece of literature since it was first composed and will remain so for ages to come. One of the reasons it has been so is because of the hero, Odysseus. Odysseus is one of the first Greek mythic heroes renowned for his brain as well as his muscle. He is a man with an intelligent mind, and he is also a man with outstanding bravery. I also must not forget that he is a top-notch athlete which only adds more to this seemingly insuperable character. It is no wonder why many people refer to Odysseus as a powerful mythic hero. Odysseus often hesitates before acting, because he uses his reason and gift to evaluate things. This patience is one of his most important additional attributes. This has saved him and his men many of times, and it can be easily seen in various instances throughout his travels such as when he disguised himself as a beggar when he finally reached Ithaca, waiting for the right moment to reveal himself. As great as he was, Odysseus still had some weaknesses that prolonged his voyage back to Ithaca. His most important weakness that he possess is that of his pride. Pride is good to have, but in Odysseus' case he had to much of it. This is clearly evident in the episode on the cyclopes' island. When Odysseus and his men are clearly safe away from the island Odysseus braggs about his exploit. Polythemus hears this and hurls giant boulders in the direction of the ship. A couple came very close to sinking the ship. Still that was not enough for Odysseus. Carried away in his pride he unwisely gave away his identity to Polythemus. With that Polythemus called upon his father, Poseidon, to punish the man who had harmed him. That incident hurt Odysseus more than losing a few men, because Poseidon made his travel home ever so longer and arduous. Yet another weakness of our hero is his sensualness. Odysseus enjoys women. He stayed with Circe for one year before his men reminded him of home. He also stayed with Calypso for seven years. Although we must take into thought that there were some other reasons why he stayed with her for so long, like that she was an immortal and he didn't want to have her against him. Nonetheless, Odysseus survived all that happened to him. His courage, wits, and endurance enabled him to come through each and every difficulty and arrive home safely. Therefore I believe that Odysseus is a hero.